Akụkọ

Ihe nzacha gafere Band Passiveenwere ike ime site na ijikọ nzacha ngafe dị ala yana nzacha ngafe dị elu

Enwere ike iji Filter Passive Band Pass ikewapụ ma ọ bụ nyochaa ụfọdụ frequency dị n'ime otu band ma ọ bụ oke ugboro. Enwere ike ịchịkwa ugboro ole ma ọ bụ ƒc n'ime nzacha RC dị mfe site na iji otu resistor na usoro nke nwere capacitor na-abụghị polarized, yana dabere n'ụzọ ha jikọtara ya, anyị ahụla na enwetara ma ọ bụ Low Pass ma ọ bụ High Pass filter.

Otu ihe dị mfe maka ụdị nzacha ndị a na-agafe agafe bụ na ngwa amplifier ọdịyo ma ọ bụ sekit dị ka n'ime nzacha crossover ụda okwu ma ọ bụ njikwa ụda tupu ammpi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ị gafere ụfọdụ ụdị frequencies na-amaliteghị na 0Hz, (DC) ma ọ bụ kwụsị n'ụfọdụ ebe dị elu mana ọ nọ n'ime oke ma ọ bụ band nke frequencies, ma warara ma ọ bụ obosara.

Site na ijikọ ma ọ bụ “ịkpọkọ” ọnụ otu obere sekit Filter Filter na High Pass Filter circuit, anyị nwere ike mepụta ụdị ọzọ nke nzacha RC na-agafe agafe ma ọ bụ “band” nke frequencies nke nwere ike ịdị warara ma ọ bụ obosara ka ọ na-eme ka ndị niile na-anọghị na nso nso a. Ụdị nhazi nzacha ọhụrụ a na-emepụta ihe nzacha nhọrọ ugboro ole a na-akpọkarị Band Pass Filter ma ọ bụ BPF maka mkpụmkpụ.

N'adịghị ka nzacha ngafe dị ala nke na-agafe akara ngosi nke obere ugboro ole ma ọ bụ ihe nzacha dị elu nke na-agafe akara ngosi nke ọnụọgụ dị elu, Band Pass Filters na-enyefe akara n'ime otu "band" ma ọ bụ "mgbasa" nke ugboro ugboro na-enweghị agbagọ mgbama ntinye ma ọ bụ iwebata mkpọtụ ọzọ. Ugboro ugboro a nwere ike ịbụ obosara ọ bụla ma bụrụkwa nke a na-akpọkarị bandwit nzacha.

A na-akọwakarị bandwit dị ka ọnụọgụ ugboro nke dị n'etiti isi ihe mbelata ugboro abụọ a kapịrị ọnụ ( ƒc), nke dị 3dB n'okpuru etiti kacha ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha elu mgbe ọ na-ebelata ma ọ bụ na-ebelata ndị ọzọ na mpụga isi ihe abụọ a.

Mgbe ahụ maka ugboro ole na-agbasa ebe niile, anyị nwere ike ịkọwa okwu ahụ bụ "bandwidth", BW dị ka ihe dị iche n'etiti oge nkwụsị ala ( ƒcLOWER ) na nkwụsị nkwụsị elu ( ƒcHIGHER ) isi. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, BW = ƒH - ƒL. N'ụzọ doro anya ka ihe nzacha nke ngafe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nkwụsị nkwụsị nke nzacha nfefe dị ala ga-adị elu karịa ugboro nkwụsị maka nzacha ngafe dị elu.

A nwekwara ike iji "ezigbo" Band Pass Filter wepụrụ ma ọ bụ nyochaa ụfọdụ frequency na-adaba n'ime otu eriri ugboro, dịka ọmụmaatụ, kagbuo mkpọtụ. A na-amakarị ihe nzacha ngafe band dị ka ihe nzacha nke abụọ, (osisi abụọ) n'ihi na ha nwere akụrụngwa “abụọ” na-emeghachi omume, ndị capacitors, n'ime nhazi sekit ha. Otu capacitor na sekit dị ala na-agafe agafe na capacitor ọzọ na sekit dị elu.

Akụkụ Bode Plot ma ọ bụ usoro nzaghachi ugboro ugboro dị n'elu na-egosi njirimara nke nzacha bandwit gafere. N'ebe a, a na-ebelata mgbaàmà ahụ na obere ugboro na mmepụta na-abawanye na mkpọda +20dB/Decade (6dB/Octave) ruo mgbe ugboro ruru n'ókè "mbelata nkwụsị" ƒL. N'oge a ugboro voltaji mmepụta bụ 1 / √2 = 70.7% nke uru mgbama ntinye ma ọ bụ -3dB (20 * log (VOUT / VIN)) nke ntinye.

Ihe mmepụta ahụ na-aga n'ihu na uru kachasị elu ruo mgbe ọ ruru ebe "nkwụsị elu" ƒH ebe mmepụta na-ebelata na ọnụego nke -20dB / Decade (6dB / Octave) na-ebelata akara ọ bụla dị elu. Isi uru kacha pụta bụ n'ozuzu geometric pụtara nke uru abụọ -3dB dị n'etiti isi ihe nkwụsị ala na nke elu na a na-akpọ "Frequency Center" ma ọ bụ "Resonant Peak" uru ƒr. A na-agbakọ ọnụ ahịa geometric a dị ka ƒr 2 = ƒ(UPPER) x ƒ(LOWER).

Aband ngafe iyoa na-ahụta dị ka ihe nzacha nke abụọ (abụọ-pole) n'ihi na o nwere "abụọ" reactive components n'ime usoro sekit ya, mgbe ahụ, akụkụ akụkụ ahụ ga-abụ okpukpu abụọ nke ihe nzacha nke mbụ ahụ, ya bụ, 180o. Akụkụ akụkụ nke akara ngosi mmepụta LEADS nke ntinye site na +90o ruo etiti ma ọ bụ ugboro ugboro, ƒr ebe ọ na-aghọ "efu" degrees (0o) ma ọ bụ "na-phase" wee gbanwee na LAG ntinye site -90o ka mmepụta ugboro na-abawanye.

Enwere ike ịchọta ihe nzacha nke elu na nke dị ala maka eriri ngafe gbalaga site na iji otu usoro ahụ maka ma nzacha nke dị ala na nke dị elu, dịka ọmụmaatụ.